There are some connections with characters and real people. While I was reading this book, Jack reminded me of Adolf Hitler because they're both strong leaders and kind of hardcore and vicious. They're powerful enough to supervise all people in their group. Furthermore, Jack and Hitler use aggressive ways to get what they want.
Simon's role in every conflicts is a teacher in school. At all times, he intervenes to figure out resolutions, deciding who is right or wrong. The only thing that is different between them is their age.